"Majority of the crops raided were paddy (65%), maize (11%) and rest 25% comprised of seasonal vegetables, potatoes, cabbage, lentils, cauliflower, spinach, banana, jackfruit."

"The mean group size was 23 SE 14.1 (range 2–150). Fifty-seven percent of the crop-raiding events involved mixed groups whereas 43% of the incidents involved lone bulls."

"The average distance of a crop field raided by elephants was estimated to be 1.6 km (SE 1.5) (range 0–18.5 km) from the nearest forest patch... Thirty-five percent of the villages were located within 500 m of a forest patch whereas overall 63% of the incidents occurred within 1.5 km."

"Area of riverine patches which indicates availability of water within a grid was identified as the most important predictor of crop depredation... Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) value was estimated to be 0.89."

"The most interesting finding of our study was that elephants raided villages where alcohol production (haaria-rice beer) was prevalent... the fermented stock emits a strong pungent smell which attracts elephants."

"To avoid exaggeration of losses we didn’t record data on the extent of crop damage."

"Results suggest seasonal variation in crop raids with eighty-eight percent of the incidents recorded in the monsoon and post monsoon seasons i.e., between July–February."

"Elephants spent an average of 308 min i.e., 5 h (SE 167 min) during crop-raiding range (15 min to 15 h)."

"During crop-raiding, 61% of the people in the neighborhood were busy guarding agricultural fields, 30% were sleeping, and remaining were engaged in other activities."

"The z value (13.148), Moran’s Index (0.174) and (p value < 0.01) indicate that there was less than 1 percent likelihood that this pattern was due to random chance. The threshold distance was estimated to be 2,236.42 m."

"Though there are numerous tea plantations in this region, they don’t provide forage and only act as temporary refuge for elephants... landscape has been severely fragmented with the construction of dams, linear infrastructure, human settlements."

"Fences can be covered with chili-oil soaked rags... unpalatable yet economically beneficial crops such as ginger, garlic, chillies, lemongrass should be grown in fields regularly visited by elephants... breweries should be relocated."